Cellphone calls between President Joe Biden and Russia's Vladimir Putin over the previous yr present a shift in the direction of a conflict footing over Ukraine.

Three conversations between the leaders assist plot the descent from "considerations" to the actual risk of battle.

Biden warned Putin throughout an hourlong name on Saturday that the U.S. and its allies will "reply decisively and impose swift and extreme prices" on Russia if it invades Ukraine, in accordance with a readout shared by the White Home.

The West wished to "interact in diplomacy," it stated, however warned "we're equally ready for different situations."

So, regardless of repeated high-profile calls and ongoing dialogue, how did relations get right here?

Vladimir Putin and Joe Biden shake hands
Russian President Vladimir Putin (left) greets U.S. counterpart Joe Biden (proper) throughout a summit in Geneva, Switzerland, on June 16, 2021. That month, Biden's give attention to Russia was extra about cyber warfare than it was Ukraine.Mikhail Svetlov
Biden and Putin
US president Joe Biden (L) and Russia's President Vladimir Putin meet in the beginning of the U.S.-Russia summit at Villa La Grange on June 16, 2021 in Geneva, Switzerland.Denis Balibouse/Pool/Keystone by way of Getty Photographs

Russia has repeatedly denied that it intends to invade its neighbor regardless of massing properly greater than 100,000 troops close to the Ukrainian border.

Practically a yr has handed since Moscow's buildup of troops first sparked alarm.

In a telephone name on April 13 final yr, Biden emphasised America's "unwavering dedication to Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity," in accordance the White Home.

"The President voiced our considerations over the sudden Russian army build-up in occupied Crimea and on Ukraine's borders, and referred to as on Russia to de-escalate tensions," it added.

Biden additionally reaffirmed his objective of constructing "a secure and predictable relationship" with Russia and proposed a summit assembly in a 3rd nation throughout that decision.

However by December, tensions between Russia and Ukraine had escalated considerably prompting Biden to warn Putin of sweeping financial sanctions in a bid to discourage Russia from invading Ukraine.

Biden "voiced the deep considerations of the US and our European Allies about Russia's escalation of forces surrounding Ukraine and made clear that the U.S. and our Allies would reply with sturdy financial and different measures within the occasion of army escalation," in accordance with a readout of a Biden-Putin video name on December 7.

Biden additionally "reiterated his help for Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity and referred to as for de-escalation and a return to diplomacy," in accordance with the readout.

However two months on, talks stay at an deadlock.

On January 24, the Pentagon introduced it has put about 8,500 troops on standby for potential deployment to japanese Europe.

Biden's nationwide safety adviser, Jake Sullivan, warned on Saturday that U.S. intelligence reveals a Russian invasion of Ukraine may start inside days.

That got here as NATO rebuffed Russian calls for that included Ukraine be prohibited from becoming a member of the army alliance and that NATO pull again forces from Jap Europe.

In an indication the U.S. is making ready for a worst-case situation, the U.S. is evacuating most of its workers from the embassy within the Ukrainian capital of Kyiv and People are being urged to go away Ukraine.

On Saturday's Biden-Putin name, the U.S. president made a extra forceful push to discourage Putin from attacking Ukraine, the White Home readout confirmed.

The U.S. stays dedicated to diplomacy to finish the disaster, Biden stated in Saturday's telephone name, however is "equally ready for different situations."

Each leaders will certainly hope the subsequent telephone name prevents the world from having to search out out what these situations are.

Putin and Biden stand near mirror
U.S. President Joe Biden (proper) and Russian President Vladimir Putin meet through the U.S.-Russia summit at Villa La Grange on June 16, 2021 in Geneva, Switzerland. It was their first in-person assembly as presidents.Getty Photographs/Peter Klaunzer